Diethyl ether is an organic solvent used in extraction synthesis and laboratory processing.
Primary Applications
Laboratory Solvent: It is a common aprotic solvent used in organic chemistry, particularly for Grignard reactions and liquid-liquid extractions.
Historical Anesthetic: Ether was the first successful surgical anesthetic used in the 19th century. While largely replaced by non-flammable alternatives like isoflurane, it is still used in some developing countries due to its low cost and high safety margin.
Engine Starting Fluid: Its high volatility and low autoignition temperature (160 °C) make it a key component in starting fluids for diesel and petrol engines in cold climates.
Safety and Hazards
Flammability: Vapours are heavier than air and can “crawl” along floors to distant ignition sources.
Peroxide Formation: On exposure to air and light, ether forms explosive peroxides. For this reason, it is typically stored in dark bottles and often stabilized with BHT.
Health Effects: Inhalation causes drowsiness, dizziness, and at high concentrations, unconsciousness or death. Repeated skin contact causes “defatting” (drying and cracking).
For detailed handling procedures, you can refer to the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards or the ECHA Substance Information page.
